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Local Level and Urban Income-Related Population Health

Measuring Trends in Health Inequalities in Cities 

The UPHN has identified a greater understanding of city-level urban health inequalities as a key need and the MTHIC project is working to fill this gap.

The project objectives are:

  1. To work with leading Canadian data sources on health to present a national-level portrait of urban health inequalities in the 23 UPHN member cities. 
  2. To help the UPHN member cities use these resources and further monitor health inequalities using their own local data sources. 


The data demands city level analysis and requires innovation and collaboration. The four primary sources of health data in Canada are hospital administrative, survey, vital statistics and surveillance. The project partners are Canadian Institute for Health Information (CIHI), Statistics Canada, Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC), and others at specific stages.

MTHIC Phases

Phase 1: City-level income stratified health inequalities
Phase 2: Decomposition of income stratified health inequalities
Phase 3: Canadian neighbourhood types and health inequalities

The latest  MTHIC report was released in February 2021. The report presents a summary of results from the first phase of MTHIC. Hospital administrative and self-reported survey data were used to explore income-related health inequalities at the city and municipal levels over time. 

MTHIC Dean’s Summer Research Project: Inequalities in Self-Rated Health Between Different Types of Social Environments in Canada. 

The UPHN research student will work with previously collected data about the neighborhoods where patients live to tabulate a descriptive portrait of health inequalities between different types of neighbourhoods in Canada’s cities. By analysing drivers of health inequalities at the neighborhood level and quantifying which Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) are most responsible for key health inequalities, physicians can tailor interventions to specific sub-populations and refer patients to the appropriate resources to improve their SDOH. There will also be the opportunity to compare relative levels of health inequalities between neighborhoods with similar demographics and adapt/adopt the best practices used in those who have managed to reduce these inequalities through health and social interventions at the individual patient and neighborhood level.


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